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Citizen Science:
This map has sample locations & weblinks to access metagenomic DNA information on honey samplles from around Hawawi`i Island. Drop pointer locations have weblinks to the interactive Krona plots of the metagenomic DNA analysis. Diamond pointer locations do not have weblinks to the data.
To study honey is to study what a bee has taken in.
Some of the methods to verify the plant origin of honey include: melissopalynology, sensory (look/taste/smell/feel), and physical/chemical parameters (electrical conductivity, DNA loci barcoding, chromotography, spectroscopy, and/or sugar composition). Honey can be identified as a single floral source honey if it tests within described-variability-ranges. Otherwise, the sample should be classi!ed as multi-floral honey.
Factors can influence the results of melissopalynology studies: pollen in the hive unrelated to the nectar source, contamination during uncapping/processing, and plant morphology. Many pollen types are over-represented or under-represented in different types of nectar. Honey bees may bring pollen from floral sources different from nectar into the hive during the same time period. Pollen analysis is still crucial for the authentication of the botanical origin of honey. To date, melissopalynology is the main technique able to discriminate between single floral and multi-floral honey, as well as the presence of honeydew. (Schievano et.al. 2016)
Citizen Science Honey Bee Projects:
Hawai`i Island: Can eDNA analysis provide baseline botanical-source/pathogen identification for Citizen-Science beekeepers with year-round forage?
"This material is based upon work that is supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, under award number G254-25-WB301 through the Western Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education program under project number [FW25-015]. USDA is an equal opportunity employer and service provider. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture.”
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